A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Structured Teaching Programme on Knowledge regarding Organ Donation after Death among Arts and Commerce students of selected Colleges of Mehsana District

Ms. Sejal Patel¹, Ms. Krupa Parmar², Mr. Aakib Arodiya², Ms. Pinal Parmar²,

Ms. Kalpana Raut², Ms. Vipal Dhoom², Ms. Hetal Patel²

¹HOD of Community Health Nursing Department, Merchant Nursing College, Basna, Dist: Mehsana.

²4^th Year B.Sc Nursing Students, Merchant Nursing College, Basna, Dist: Mehsana.

*Corresponding Author E-mail: mncfaculty1920@gmail.com

ABSTRACT:

Introduction: A therapy for replacement of non functioning organs began in India, originated in mythological medicine in the twelth century B.C. Lord Ganesha, revered as a god of wisdom is an example of the very first xenograft performed by Lord Shiva using an elephant’s head. Organ Donation being a born a boon to medical industry as it helped in savings the lives of those who would have died otherwise. Organ preservation has made the transplantation of vital organs possible. Aim: The aim of the study was to assess the existing knowledge of arts and commerce students on organ donation after death to evaluate the effectiveness of structured teaching programme on Organ Donation after Death, to find the association between post- test knowledge score and their selected demographic variables. Design: Quantitative research approach and the pre experimental one group pre-test post-test research design was used in this study. Participants: A total 60 sample were included in a study who met the sampling criteria and probability simple random sampling technique used. Intervention: Structured teaching programme was given to the arts and commerce students. Tool: The researcher used self structured questionnaire for collect the data. Before the data collection informed consent form was taken from arts and commerce students. The data collection tools contain demographic variables, to assess the knowledge. Result: The result shows that the highest percentage is that (95%) arts and commerce students belongs to the age group 18-20 years, majority (53%) of arts and commerce students were female, (97%) were belongs to hindu religion, equally ratio (50%) of arts stream students (50%) of commerce stream students, (74%) of arts and commerce were not attended organ donation programme and (39%) arts and commerce students had previous information about organ donation through source of part of curriculum. The post-test knowledge mean score (16.87) higher than the mean pre-test knowledge score (6.82). The calculated ‘t’ value (20.57) was greater than the table value (2.0010) at 0.05 level of significance. The structured teaching programme was effective in increasing the knowledge of arts and commerce students regarding organ donation after death. Conclusion: The findings of the study revealed the structured teaching programme helps in improving knowledge regarding organ donation after death among arts and commerce students.

KEYWORDS: assess, knowledge, prevalence, structure teaching programme, organ donation, arts and commerce students.

INTRODUCTION:

“We should give meaning to life, not wait for life to give us meaning” -Stacy

Life is a dynamic process. It starts form birth and ends with the death of the individuals. In between comes different stages of life with different diseases and its problems. Medical science is expanding its horizons by leaps and bound and edging towards newer successes by unveiling God’s miraculous mystery. In case any of the organs of the human body fails of function, medical science can extend its function for some time, but when an end stage failure is reached, just like a machine whose parts are change, the failed organ need to be replace.¹

The concept of organ transplantation as a therapy for replacement of non-functioning organs began in India, originated in mythological medicine in the twelth century B.C. Lord Ganesha, revered as a God of wisdom and vanquisher of obstacles, is an example of the very first xenograft performed by Lord Shiva using an elephant’s head. This mythical timeline lasted up to second century B.C, when sushruta, our ancient Indian surgeon introduced the surgical timeline of transplantation by using skin auto grafts for rhinoplasty. Several Greek, Italian and other surgeons from many other parts of the world followed suit. Their efforts provided a tremendous insight into the likely surgical problems to be encounted in organ transplantation.²

Organ Transplantation being a born a boon to medical industry as it has helped in saving the lives of those who would have died otherwise. The fact is medical advances in the field of transplant immunology, surgical management; organ donation and organ preservation have made the transplantation of vital organs possible. Thus providing a viable approach to the management of diseases that cause irreversible organ failure.³

NEED OF THE STUDY:

India is one of the lowest organ donating countries in the world. Statistics show that less than one in a million in India donate their organs. Organ donation is legal by law because the Government of India has enacted "The Transplantation of Human Organs Act 1994" Act No.42, which has allowed organ donation and legalized brain death. Even 20 years after the Human Organ Transplantation Act majority of people are not aware of organ donation. The result: Since 2005 more than three million people have died in the country because of non-availability of organs. In Britain the rate of deceased organ donation was 17 per million, in Spain it was 35 per million but in India only0.8 per million. In the United States 6,229 patients died because of the shortage of organ donors. Of these, 4,217 were awaiting kidney only. In Canada, 2169 life saving organs transplants were performed. Unfortunately, 303 people died while waiting for organ transplant.6 In Australia, 1,46,500 people died a waiting for organ transplantation.7 In India total number of organ donors in Andhra Pradesh are 41, Kerala 44, Delhi 27, Tamil Nadu 11 only and in Punjab donation rate is negligible. This number is very less to meet the demands of organ donation and slips to the 40th rank in the study of 69 countries in terms of number of transplants per million population. Lack of awareness along with myths and misconceptions add to the low percentage of organ donation. Young adults represent the future of the society and have a direct influence on family members and friends. A favorable attitude of the young adults in this matter not only means a positive personal attitude towards organ donation, but it can also be the determining factor for authorizing donation when faced with the death of a family member. After Computer Assisted Instruction, trained young adults become quality transmitters, propagators in their own sphere of influence, which goes beyond not only the family but also involves the community level for organ donation procedure? According to a report in the Kidney International--the journal of the International Society of Nephrology---about 27,000 related and unrelated living kidney donor (LKD) transplants occur worldwide every year, of which 6,435take place in the US and 1,768 in Brazil with India figuring in between with about 3,200 transplants, a number which the author said, doesn’t represent “reliable national data’’.

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM:

“A study to assess the effectiveness of structured teaching programme on knowledge regarding organ donation after death among arts and commerce students of selected colleges of mehsana district”.

OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY:

· To assess the level of knowledge regarding Organ Donation after Death among Arts and Commerce Students of selected Colleges of Mehsana District.

· To assess the effectiveness of Structured Teaching Programme on knowledge regarding Organ Donation after Death among Arts and commerce Students of selected Colleges of Mehsana District.

· To find out the association of the pre-test knowledge score with selected demographical variables.

HYPOTHESIS:

H0: There will be no significant difference between pre-test and post-test level of knowledge score regarding organ donation after death among Art and Commerce students.

H1: There will be significant difference between pre-test and post test knowledge score after administration of structured teaching programme regarding organ donation after death among Arts and Commerce students.

MATERIAL AND METHODS:

Pre experimental one group Pre test/Post test research design and Quantitative Approach. “Effectiveness of Structured Teaching Programme knowledge regarding Organ Donation after Death among Arts and Commerce Students of selected Colleges of Mehsana District”. The data were collected from 60Arts and Commerce Students. “Probability Simple Random Sampling Technique” was used. A structured questionnaire was selected to assess the knowledge regarding Organ Donation after Death.

RESULTS:

Demographic data was analyzed using frequency and percentage. Frequencies, percentage, mean, mean percentage and standard deviation was used to determine the knowledge score. The ‘t’ value was computed to show the effectiveness of teaching programme and chi-square test was done to determine the association between the pretest knowledge of Arts and Commerce Students with selected demographic variables.

Finding related to Demographic Data:

In this study overall the highest percentage in the demographic data including the: (95%) arts and commerce students belong to the age group 18-20 years, majority (53%) of arts and commerce students were female, majority (97%) were belongs to Hindu religion, equally ratio (50%) of arts stream students and (50%) of commerce stream students, majority (74%) of arts and commerce students living in joint family, majority (68%) arts and commerce students were not attended organ donation programme, majority (39%) arts and commerce students had previous information about organ donation through source of part of curriculum.

Finding related to Pre and Post knowledge score:

Level of Knowledge	Pre-test		Post-test
Level of Knowledge	Frequency	Percent (%)	Frequency	Percent (%)
Poor (Score 0-10)	55	92%	01	02%
Average (Score 11-15)	5	08%	19	32%
Good (Score 16-25)	0	0.0%	40	66%

Pre-test, 55(92%) of Arts and Commerce Students had Poor level (0-10 score) of knowledge on Organ Donation after Death, only 5(08%) of Arts and Commerce Students had average (11-15score) level of knowledge and no one Arts and Commerce Students had good knowledge (16-25 score) on Organ Donation after Death.

During Post-test, only 1(02%) of Arts and Commerce Students had Poor level (0 - 10 score) of knowledge on Organ Donation after Death, 19(32%) of Arts and Commerce Students had Average level (11-15 score) of knowledge on Organ Donation after Death and 40(66%) had good knowledge (16– 25score) on Organ Donation after Death.

It was inferred from the above table that the structured teaching programme was effective in improving knowledge regarding Organ Donation after Death among Arts and Commerce Students.

Finding related to effectiveness of Structured Teaching Programme:

Parameter

Mean

Standard Deviation

‘t’ value

Pre-test

6.82

2.38

T=20.57^*

DF = 59

Post-test

16.87

2.48

Distribution of subject on Paired‘t’ test between pre-test and post-test knowledge score regarding Organ Donation after Death among Arts and Commerce Students.

Finding related to association between pretest knowledge score of Arts and Commerce Students with selected demographic variables:

Table show that the association between the Pre test level of Knowledge and socio demographic Variable. The association between knowledge and demographic variables was assessed using chi square test. Since p-values corresponding to all demographic variables are large (greater than 0.05). Thus, none of the demographic variable was found to have significant association with knowledge regarding Organ Donation after Death among Arts and Commerce Students.

CONCLUSION:

The present study aims to assess the effectiveness structured teaching programme on knowledge regarding organ donation after death. The study was conducted by using Pre experimental one group pre-test post-test research design. Mehsana district was selected for conducting the study. The sample size was 60arts and commerce students using Probability simple random sampling technique.

REFERENCE:

1. Mishra.P.H, Aarthi vij, sarma.R,K,A, Journal of the academy of Hospital Administration, 2004-06; 16(1)

2. VN Acharya, Renal transplantation, Journal of post graduate medicine.1994.May; 40(3) :158-6

3. Brunner&suddarth’s.[2007].text book of medical surgical nursing 12^thedition.newdelhi :wolter Kluwer publishers

Received on 06.01.2024 Modified on 13.03.2024

Int. J. Nur. Edu. and Research. 2024; 12(2):107-109.

DOI: 10.52711/2454-2660.2024.00023